SPA 101 is designed to introduce true beginners to the Spanish language. The primary focus of the course is to provide you with a basic knowledge of Spanish through the extensive practice of the four fundamental skills in language learning: listening, speaking, reading, and writing. Attention is also given to the fifth language skill- cultural awareness. Through a communicative approach and through the use of the Spanish language, students will learn the fundamental grammatical workings of the Spanish language and apply their knowledge of such concepts in both spoken and written exercises. Integrated throughout the course, are lessons and readings linked to the daily activities and basic aspects of the Hispanic culture, which vary from country to country. If you have taken 1+ or more than one year of high school Spanish, the AP exam or the equivalent, you will not be permitted to take SPA 101.

This course is the second semester of beginner Spanish and the continuation of SPA-101. Before moving forward to the material of SPA-102, the course begins with a review of the salient points of SPA-101. The primary focus of the course is to expand your knowledge of the Spanish language and enable you to acquire an elementary foundation of the Spanish language. There will be extensive practice of the four fundamental skills: speaking, listening, reading, and writing. Increased attention is also given to the fifth skill of cultural awareness. Through a communicative approach and an increased use of the Spanish language, students will learn the fundamental grammatical workings of the Spanish language and apply their knowledge of such concepts in both spoken and written exercises. Integrated throughout the course, are lessons and readings linked to the daily activities and basic aspects of the Hispanic culture, which vary from country to country.

Transitional Elementary Spanish is a beginner level course designed for students with some background in Spanish and/or who have taken Regents'exams, but are not quite ready to enter the intermediate level. In one semester, the course refreshes the students of the fundamental skills of basic Spanish. There will be extensive practice of the four fundamental skills: speaking,listening,reading,and writing. Increased attention is also given to the fifth skill of cultural awareness. Through a communicative approach and the increased use of the Spanish language, students will learn the fundamental grammatical workings of the Spanish language and apply their knowledge of such concepts in both spoken and written exercises.

This course is designed to teach standard Spanish to students who learned Spanish at home or abroad but have little or no formal instruction in the language. Grammar instruction addresses the specific needs of the heritage-speaker class. The class also introduces simple readings for students who have had limited experience in reading and writing in Spanish. Writing is also stressed through a process-approach. Increased attention is also given to cultural and linguistic variance of the Spanish-speaking world. Through a communicative approach and the increased use of the Spanish language, students will learn the fundamental grammatical workings of the Spanish language and apply their knowledge of such concepts in both spoken and written exercises.

This course studies the life and culture of major U.S. Latino groups of yesterday and today. The course examines demographic, socio-economic, historical, and cultural aspects of Mexican-American, Cuban, Puerto Rican, Dominican and the cultures of Central American countries such as Colombia and Guatemala, through film, music, literature, and art. The immigrant experience is also a particular focus of the course, including the origins of Hispanic immigration to the U.S. and more recent policies surrounding non documented citizens. While the majority of the course readings are in English, attention is also given to Spanish language skills, reading, composition and conversation.

This course is an introduction to the history and cultures from present to pre-Columbian times of the nations that compose the Latin American continent today. Throughout the semester, we will explore the politics, social structures, traditions, artistic movements and history that frame Latin America. Topics will include the main pre-Columbian civilizations, the age of the Spanish colonization and conquest, the start of new nationalities in the 19th century, and the projection of them in the present and last century with relation to the United States, Spain and the emerging globalized world.

This course,with a critical approach in mind,explores the cultural development of modern Spain from its earliest civilizations to the present day through a variety of cultural examples such art,literature,film,architecture,and political propaganda. Topics will range from the early cultural life of the peninsula to the expulsion of Moslems and Jews, from Spain's overseas empire to its end in 1898, from the Spanish Civil War and the Franco dictatorship to the first demoncratic elections of the 1970's. Students will also explore the legacies of the past histories and cultural movements in Spanish life today.

SPA 152 is an advanced beginner-intermediate level course designed to introduce students to a more specialized vocabulary linked to the different business and finance professions and build awareness of the many cultural topics specific to the Hispanic population. The course aims to provide students with an intermediate level proficiency in both the written and oral forms of the Spanish language and the necessary communicative skills to better serve their future Spanish-speaking clients. In class, students will practice the four fundamental skills of language learning: listening, speaking, reading and writing. A lot of attention is also given to the fifth skill -cultural awareness. Through a communicative approach, students will review the fundamental grammatical workings of the Spanish language and apply your knowledge of such concepts in both written and spoken exercises.

SPA 153 is an advanced beginner-intermediate level course designed to introduce students to a more specialized vocabulary linked to the different health professions and build awareness of the many cultural and health topics specific to the Hispanic population. The course aims to provide students with an intermediate level proficiency in both the written and oral forms of the Spanish language and the necessary communicative skills to better serve their future Spanish-speaking clients or patients. In class, students will practice the four fundamental skills of language learning: listening,speaking,reading and writing. A lot of attention is also given to the fifth skill-cultural awareness. Through a communicative approach, students will review the fundamental grammatical workings of the Spanish language and apply your knowledge of such concepts in both written and spoken exercises.

This course is a continuation of SPA-153.

Muralism has its beginnings in Mexican art as a form of art that broke the conventional modes of viewing art in art galleries by taking to the streets and representing the more marginalized groups of society. In the U.S. it became an expression of social activism aligning itself with the Chicano movement of the 1960's. Today, murals in varying designs and formats have become a vibrant part of the urban landscapes. Alongside the investigation of the origins of muralism as an art form firmly rooted in Hispanic culture, this class explores questions of what drives these new developments in urban planning. The class will feature a community partnership with the city of Buffalo, presentations by community leaders and local artists and excursions to the Hertel Walls of North Buffalo. Course is taught in English and no prior knowledge of the Spanish language is required.

Muralism has its beginnings in Mexican art as a form of art that broke the conventional modes of viewing art in art galleries by taking to the streets and representing the more marginalized groups of society. In the U.S. it became an expression of social activism aligning itself with the Chicano movement of the 1960's. Today, murals in varying designs and formats have become a vibrant part of the urban landscapes. Alongside the investigation of the origins of muralism as an art form firmly rooted in Hispanic culture, this class explores questions of what drives these new developments in urban planning. The class will feature a community partnership with the city of Buffalo, presentations by community leaders and local artists and excursions to the Hertel Walls of North Buffalo. Course is taught in English and no prior knowledge of the Spanish language is required.

Critical inquiry is the process of gathering and evaluating information, ideas, and assumptions from multiple perspectives to produce well-reasoned analysis and understanding, and leading to new ideas, applications and questions. This course is intended to introduce new students to intellectual inquiry at the university by engaging them in in-depth study of a single topic utilizing a variety of perspectives and methods. The course emphasizes the essential role of critical and creative thinking to their lives as students, citizens, future professionals, and productive members of their communities.

Critical inquiry is the process of gathering and evaluating information, ideas, and assumptions from multiple perspectives to produce well-reasoned analysis and understanding, and leading to new ideas, applications and questions. This course is intended to introduce new students to intellectual inquiry at the university by engaging them in in-depth study of a single topic utilizing a variety of perspectives and methods. The course emphasizes the essential role of critical and creative thinking to their lives as students, citizens, future professionals, and productive members of their communities. The lab for the course is an interdisciplinary application lab, wherein students work in teams to demonstrate what they learned in the didactic portion of the course through the creation of a project, presentation, art object/installation, play, podcast, short film, co-authored reflection (debrief) on a simulation experience, etc. Faculty who design the didactic portion of the course together will design this portion as a 5-week experiential component of the course, which might include community partnerships or field trips. Students who take the course and lab will be invited to display their project results in a one-afternoon presentation at the end of each semester (to be arranged by college events personnel).

SPA-201 is an intermediate-level integrated skills language course that will expand on the language skills mastered in SPA-101 and SPA-102 or SPA-103, or SPA-104. The course begins with a quick review of the salient points of beginner Spanish before it introduces you to the intermediate level material. This course will enhance your proficiency in the Spanish language and acquire an intermediate-level foundation in the Spanish language. There will be extensive practice of the four fundamental skills: listening, speaking, reading, and writing, as well as extensive instruction on culture. Through a communicative approach and the exclusive use of Spanish, students will learn more complex grammatical structures of the Spanish language and apply their knowledge of such concepts in both spoken and written exercises. Integrated throughout the course, are lessons and readings linked to the daily activities and basic aspects of the Hispanic culture, which vary from country to country.

SPA-202 is an intermediate-level integrated skills language course and continuation of SPA-201. This course furthers a student's proficiency in the Spanish language and acquisition of an intermediate-level foundation in the Spanish language. There will be extensive practice of the four fundamental skills: listening, speaking, reading, and writing, as well as extensive instruction on culture within the context of myths and legends of the Hispanic world. Through a communicative approach and the exclusive use of Spanish, students will learn increasingly more complex grammatical structures of the Spanish language and apply their knowledge of such concepts in both spoken and written exercises. Integrated throughout the course, are lessons and readings linked to the daily activities and basic aspects of the Hispanic culture, which vary from country to country.

SPA 211 is an intermediate-advanced level course that offers extensive practice of the oral and written communication of the Spanish language, and prepares students for more advanced courses in Spanish. A key component of the course is treating the communication of language as a process. Students will not only practice the different stages of writing (pre-writing, writing and revising) in draft workshops, but also compare these stages with those linked to the overall delivery and presentation of language in its oral form. The class also explores descriptive, narrative and expository forms of communication through class readings, audio clips, and lectures, and their respective assignments. A portion of the class time will also be dedicated to grammar instruction that reviews and expands on the student's already established knowledge of grammar.

This course offers extensive practice of the oral and written communication of the Spanish language and expands on the skills learned in SPA-211. A key component of the course is treating the communication of language as a process. Students will not only practice the different stages of writing (pre-writing, writing and revising) in draft workshops, but also compare these stages with those linked to the overall delivery and presentation of language in its oral form. SPA-212 explores expository and argumentative forms of communication through class readings, audio clips, lectures, and their respective assignments. A portion of class time will also be dedicated to grammar instruction that reviews and expands on the student's already established knowledge of grammar.

This course introduces students to the literature of Spain Latin America and more recently that of Hispanic-US writers. The Main purpose of the course is to give students an overview of the major literary movements in the respective Spanish-speaking regions of the world in order to prepare them for more advanced courses in Hispanic literature. Students will explore different literary genres such as poetry, theater,the essay, the short story and other forms of prose writing. Class times will also be dedicated to lectures and workshops that focus on the process of writing and composing literary analyses. A portion of class time will also be dedicated to grammar instruction that reviews and expands on the student's already established knowledge of grammar.

This course explores Hispanic-U.S. culture through a variety of contemporary topics. The course explores such topics and themes through art, music, literature, and film, media and language, festivals and pageantry, and sports and entertainment. SPA-222 also dedicates a portion of the class to discussion of language and the presence of the Hispanic culture and life in the media. Throughout the course, students will have ample opportunities to practice and develop conversational skills as well as further develop critical thinking in the form of regular written assignments and independent research.

This course explores the complex and interesting situation of Spanish in the U.S. We will examine the phonological,morphological,lexical and syntactic characteristics of the many varieties of Spanish in the U.S. as well as recognize the social and historical factors that affect them. Other topics include U.S. bilingualism,heritage speakers,language attrition,bilingual education systems,and linguistic ideologies and prejudices.

This course studies the short stories, novels and poetry of Hispanic-U.S. writers of the 20th-21st centuries. The course studies the defining characteristics of Hispanic-U.S. literature through the novels, short stories, and poetry of Sandra Cisneros, Julia Alvarez, Justin Torres, Olga Karman, Patricia Engel, and Richard Blanco. Class discussions and lectures will concentrate on careful analyses of these texts, their critical and cultural contexts, and the intersections of contemporary issues relating to the Hispanic-U.S. populations of today.

This course explores Latin American culture through a variety of contemporary topics. The course explores such topics and themes through art,music,literature,and film,media and language,festivals and pageantry,and sports and entertainment. Throughout the course,students will have ample opportunities to practice and develop conversational skills as well as further develop critical thinking in the form of regular written assignments and independent research.

This course surveys varieties of Spanish as well as other languages in Latin America while exploring both their historical and modern cultural,political and socio-economics status. This course also explores issues of language policy,language survival and revitalization and the relationship between language and cultural identity.

This course explores contemporary issues in Spain,such as the post-Franco youth culture of the 80's and 90's,autonomous regions and Basque and Catalan separatisms,immigration,the customs and fashions of the Spanish youth,membership in the European Union,terrorism,the media,and popular forms of entertainment. Throughout the course,students will have ample opportunities to practice and develop conversational skills as well as further develop critical thinking in the form of regular written assignments and independent research.

This course surveys major and minor languages in Spain while exploring both their historical and modern cultural,political and socio-economic status.This course also explores issues of language policy,language survival and revitalization and the relationship between language and cultural identity.

This course prepares students to communicate with future Spanish speaking patients or clients in health,business and other professions such as education,social services, and law. Throughout the course,students will have ample opportunities to practice and develop conversational skills as well as further develop critical thinking in the form of regular written assignments and independent research. Culture is also a major component of the course and accompanies most class discussions and assignments.

This course introduces the fundamentals of Spanish phonology,morphology,syntax,and historical and dialectal variation. Through numerous class activities,students will engage in linguistics practices such as writing phonemically, distinguishing morphemes within words,map syntactic structures within phrases,trace sound changes from Latin to Spanish as well as reconstruct Latin roots from Modern Spanish words,and understand lexical,morphological and phonetic differences in various dialects of Spanish.

This course introduces the sound system of Spanish. Topics include the human articulatory system, the classification of consonants and vowels, phonetic transcription, accent and pitch, and dialectal phonetic variation. Students will gain an understanding of various dialects of Spanish as well as apply that knowledge to improve their own pronunciation of Spanish.

This course explores the genre of magical realism, in which "irreducible elements" of magic are included in otherwise realistic narratives,in Latin America. The course studies the defining characteristics of magical realist writing through the novels and short stories of the "boom" authors such as but not limited to Gabriel Garcia Marquez,Carlos Fuentes,Juan Rulfo,Alejo Carpentier,Isabel Allende,Julio Cortazar,and Jorge Luis Borges. Class discussions and lectures will concentrate on careful analyses of these texts,their critical and cultural contexts, and intersections of contemporary culture and society.

This course studies the major movements in Spanish theater of the twentieth century. The course begins with a selection of avant-garde productions in Spanish theater during the periods leading up to the Civil War,moves through "posibilismo,"or what was deemed possible under the restraints of cultural censorship in Francoist Spain,and ends with the theater of the 1980s and 90s post-Franco. Students will also explore works by Catalonian playwrights and works by women authors on gender issues. Basic theories of performance and screen clips of staged productions will also accompany class discussions. Authors include but are not limited to: Federico Garcia Lorca,Alejandro Casona,Max Aub,Antonio Buero Vallejo,Sergi Belbel,Lluisa Cunille,Ana Diosdado,and Paloma Pedrero.

SPA-353 provides students with an overview of the role and professional obligations of a healthcare translator. Topics will include the impact of language, literacy and communication on health and health care outcomes for non-native language speakers and the legal and ethical requirements for translation services in health care setting. Students will review professional standards of practice and performance using authentic materials and contextually meaningful scenarios in natural and simulated environments.

SPA-354 is an interpretation and translation workshop designed to train the fundamentals of Spanish-English and English-Spanish medical interpretation, to prepare students for the National Board of Certification Interpretation Exam, and to meet the needs of doctors' offices, hospitals, emergency rooms, and other medical facilities.

The Structure of Spanish studies the structure of words (morphology) and their combination to form sentences (syntax). Topics include: argument structure, word order, negation, tense and aspect, and information structure. Understanding the structure of the Spanish language informs an introduction to beginner translation.

This course builds on students'understanding of the grammar of the Spanish language,focusing on the grammatical points that are most problematic for second language learners of Spanish. Class activities will include both oral and written practice of structures such as ser and estar,the preterit and imperfect,the subjunctive,and clitic pronouns,among others.

This course explores the theory and practice of translation both from Spanish to English and from English to Spanish. The primary goal is to improve students'writing skills and language fluency through weekly translation exercises. A second main goal is to strengthen interpretive skills and refine interdisciplinary thinking. Translations will cover various genres including short literary texts,newspaper articles,advertisements and technical language from official forms,among others.

Qualified students may investigate selected topics with permission and under supervision of the instructor. Meeting times will be arranged between faculty member and student.

This course gives students the opportunity to gain more exposure to and practice of the Spanish language and Hispanic culture in a professional setting that is in keeping with their own educational and vocational goals. Students will apply their skills in the written and oral forms of communication in a research or community internship placement that might include local nonprofit organizations, health clinics, or art galleries. Through agreement among the instructor/internship coordinator, the student, and the internship supervisor, the student will participate in an internship(s) for a minimum of 150 hours for the semester (approximately 10 hours per week).

This course gives students the opportunity to gain full immersion to the Spanish language and culture through a study abroad experience in a Spanish speaking country. Prior to registration of the courses and departure to the country where the study abroad program is housed,an agreement will be made between the instructor and the student regarding the scope and outline of the student project. While abroad,the student and the instructor will hold meetings to converse in Spanish using Skype,WebEx,and other convenient virtual platforms.

SPA 410 is a Spanish senior seminar designed for students to reflect upon and integrate issues of culture, civilization, language and literatures of the Spanish-speaking world. Through a research project on a topic of linguistic, cultural or literary focus, students will synthesize previous course work and study abroad / internship experience as well as establish career goals and professionalism in the field of Hispanic language and culture. Completion of a research portfolio and summative evaluation of language skills will be required.